Yemen's Civil War: Origins and Key Players
The Outbreak of Conflict
The Yemeni civil war erupted in late 2014, marking the culmination of long-standing political and sectarian tensions. The conflict escalated after Houthi rebels, a Shia Zaydi group, seized control of the capital, Sanaa, and forced President Abdrabbuh Mansur Hadi to flee.
Major Players
The conflict involves several major players:
- Houthis: A Zaydi Shia militia supported by Iran and other Shia groups.
- Government forces: Backed by a Saudi-led coalition that includes the United Arab Emirates, Egypt, and others.
- Southern separatists: Seeking autonomy or secession for southern Yemen.
- Al-Qaeda in the Arabian Peninsula (AQAP): A terrorist group operating in Yemen.
- Hizbullah: A Lebanese Shia militant group allied with the Houthis.
Devastating Consequences
The civil war has caused widespread suffering and instability in Yemen. Millions have been displaced, and the country faces a severe humanitarian crisis, including widespread food insecurity and a lack of access to basic services. The conflict has also created a breeding ground for extremist groups like AQAP.
International Involvement
The war has become an international proxy conflict, with regional powers such as Saudi Arabia and Iran backing opposing sides. The United Nations and other international organizations have called for a ceasefire and negotiations, but these efforts have yielded limited results so far.
A Grim Outlook
As the war enters its eighth year, there is no end in sight. The conflict has become entrenched, and the various factions remain determined to achieve their goals. The consequences for Yemen and the wider region are likely to be dire, with the country facing a prolonged period of instability and violence.
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